You can sponsor this page

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)

Grass carp
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Stamps, coins, misc. | Google image
Image of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp)
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Picture by Ramani Shirantha


Israel country information

Common names: אמור
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Welcomme, R.L., 1988
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Ctenopharyngodon: Greek, kteis, ktenos = comb + Greek, pharyngx = pharynx + greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335);  idella: Cteno=comb; pharynx=throat; odon=tooth (in reference to its comblike pharyngeal teeth); and idella: presumably derived from the Greek idios, distinctive or peculiar (Ref. 79012).
  More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

; Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθοπελαγικό; ποταμόδρομος (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 0 - 30 m (Ref. 6898).   Subtropical; 0°C - 35°C (Ref. 52059); 50°N - 23°N, 100°E - 142°E (Ref. 48)

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

Asia: Eastern China and Russia (Ref. 48) in eastern Siberia, Amur River system (Ref. 1441). Widely transported around the world (Ref. 7248). Persists only in Europe by stocking (Ref. 59043). Introductions often brought with it the parasitic tapeworm Bothriocephalus opsarichthydis (synonym of B. acheilognathi) (Ref. 12217). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: Lm 68.2, range 58 - 79.2 cm
Max length : 150 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 30578); common length : 10.7 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 35840); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 45.0 kg (Ref. 52193); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 21 έτη (Ref. 48)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 10 - 11; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 10 - 14. Diagnosis: No barbels; snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter; postorbital length more than half head length (Ref. 4967). 18 soft rays for caudal fin (Ref. 40476). Diagnosed from rather similar species Mylopharyngodon piceus by having the following characters: body olive to brassy green above, silvery white to yellow below; body cylindrical; pharyngeal teeth laterally compressed, serrated, with a groove along grinding surface, usually in two rows, 2,5-4,2 (Ref. 59043).

Βιολογία     Γλωσσάρι (π.χ. epibenthic)

Adults occur in lakes, ponds, pools and backwaters of large rivers (Ref. 5723), preferring large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation (Ref. 52193). Tolerant of a wide range of temperatures from 0° to 38°C, and salinities to as much as 10 ppt and oxygen levels down to 0.5 ppm (Ref. 52193). It feeds on higher aquatic plants and submerged grasses; takes also detritus, insects and other invertebrates. One of the world's most important aquaculture species and also used for weed control in rivers, fish ponds and reservoirs (Ref. 9987). Spawn on riverbeds with very strong current (Ref. 30578). Utilized also fresh and eaten steamed, pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Considered as a pest in most countries because of the damages made to submerged vegetation (Ref. 43281).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Spawns in gravel bottomed areas of rivers (Ref. 48). Eggs are pelagic and hatch while drifting downstream in 2-3 days (Ref. 59043).

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith, 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p. (Ref. 48)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 March 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Potential pest




Human uses

αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας; Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
FAO(Aquaculture systems: Παραγωγή, species profile; αλιεία: Παραγωγή; publication : search) | FishSource |

Περισσότερες πληροφορίες

Trophic ecology
Τροφικά αντικείμενα
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Θηρευτές
Ecology
Οικολογία
Home ranges
Life cycle
Αναπαραγωγή
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Προνύμφες
Δυναμική προνυμφών
Anatomy
Gill areas
Εγκέφαλοι
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Κολυμβητικός τύπος
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Ήχοι ψαριών
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Γενετική
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Προφίλ υδατοκαλλιεργειών
Στελέχοι
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
Αναφορές

Εργαλεία

Special reports

Download XML

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00807 - 0.01079), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179):  Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (K=0.13-0.19; tm=2-10; tmax=21; Fec=50,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.