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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Solea: Latin, solea = sandal (shoe); refered to the flat shape of the fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Day.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 8 - 28 m (Ref. 11441). Tropical; 31°N - 5°N, 44°E - 83°E
Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf to the west and east coast of India and Sri Lanka.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 30573); common length : 12.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 30573)
Inhabits shallow sand and mud bottoms in coastal waters. Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, especially small crustaceans.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Menon, A.G.K., 1984. Soleidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3505)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 26.5 - 29.2, mean 28.1 (based on 468 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00540 - 0.01343), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).