India country information

Common names: Indian lemon shark, Pilal, பீலால்
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., 1984
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Found along the coast (Ref. 45255); Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Ref. 118627). Also Ref. 244.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah, 2002
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Requin limon faucille, Tiburón segador, 犁鳍柠檬鲨, ... more

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Negaprion: negatus (L.), to deny; prion (Gr.), saw, referring to lack of saw-like serrations on teeth cusps. (See ETYFish); acutidens: acutus (L.), sharp or pointed; dens, from dentis (L.), tooth, probably referring to pyramid-like teeth (“dünnen spitzen Pyramiden”). (See ETYFish).
More on author: Rüppell.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino; salobre asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 0 - 92 m (Ref. 244). Tropical; 30°N - 32°S, 32°E - 140°W (Ref. 244)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa (including Mauritius, Seychelles, Madagascar) to Philippines, north to Viet Nam, south to Australia. Also from Palau, Marshall Islands, and Tahiti. Recorded from Taiwan (Ref. 4868).

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 230.0, range 220 - 240 cm
Max length : 380 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5213)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Espinas anales: 0. A large, stocky, yellowish shark with a broad, blunt snout, narrow, smooth-cusped teeth in both jaws, and equal-sized dorsal fins (Ref. 5578). Yellowish brown above, paler below (Ref. 9997). With two nearly equally large dorsal fins (Ref. 37816).

Found on continental and insular shelves and terraces (Ref. 244). Common on coral reefs (Ref. 5578) and in shallow, sandy lagoons and turbid, mangrove swamps (Ref. 6871). Feeds on smaller sharks, stingrays and on benthic bony fishes (Ref. 5578). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Dangerous if provoked (Ref. 244). 1 to 11 of 45 cm young are born per litter (Ref. 1602). Meat is utilized fresh and dried salted for human consumption, fins for shark-fin soup base, and liver oil for vitamins (Ref. 244).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449), 1-14 per litter (Ref. 6871). Gestation period 10-11 months (Ref. 5578; Ref.58048). Size at birth about 50 to 70 cm TL (Ref. 9997); 45-80 cm TL (Ref.58048). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Mating and pupping take place during late spring and early summer (Ref. 37816).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Endangered (EN) (A2bd); Date assessed: 16 July 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 244)

Human uses

Pesquerías: comercial

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.1, mean 28.1 (based on 2034 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00218 - 0.01003), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (Fec=1).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Negaprion acutidens (Rüppell, 1837)