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Conger conger (Linnaeus, 1758)

European conger
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Conger conger   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Conger conger (European conger)
Conger conger
Picture by Patzner, R.


Iceland country information

Common names: Hafáll
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 6521.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://brunnur.stjr.is/interpro/sjavarutv/english.nsf/pages/front
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Jonsson, G., 1992
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Congridae (Conger and garden eels) > Congrinae
Etymology: Conger: Latin, conger = conger (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 1171 m (Ref. 56504).   Temperate; 68°N - 12°N, 32°W - 42°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland to Senegal. Also in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 200.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4453); common length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4645); common length :150 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 110.0 kg (Ref. 35388)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found on rocky and sandy bottoms (Ref. 12382). Depth range from 0-500 m (Ref. 4453) and from 305-1171 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). It stays near the coast when young and moves toward deeper waters upon reaching adulthood (Ref. 5377). A nocturnal (Ref. 12382) predator of fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods (Ref. 6521). Like other species of the group, it reproduces only once in its life (Ref. 5377). Sexually mature at an age of 5-15 years. Spawn in summer in the Atlantic off Portugal and in the Mediterranean. Produces 3-8 million of eggs (Ref. 35388). Marketed fresh and frozen. Eaten fried and baked (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Eggs are deposited in the open sea, at depths between 2,000 and 3,000 m (Ref. 12382).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Smith, D.G., 1990. Congridae. p. 156-167. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4453)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 October 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)




Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums
FAO(Fisheries: production, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
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Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Larvae
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Distribution
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FAO areas
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Otoliths
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Visual pigment(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)
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Genetics
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 4.4 - 14.4, mean 8.7 (based on 480 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00044 (0.00033 - 0.00057), b=3.27 (3.21 - 3.33), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.06; tm=5-15 (female tm>10); Fec=3,000,000).
Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 7 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.