Grenada country information

Common names: Butterfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/gj.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.caricom-fisheries.com/grenada-fisheries
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Coné ouatalibi, Cherna cabrilla, كوني, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Cephalopholis: Greek, kephale = head + Greek, pholis = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; não migratória; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 150 m (Ref. 26938), usually 1 - 40 m (Ref. 89707). Subtropical; 36°N - 28°S, 98°W - 33°W (Ref. 5222)

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: South Carolina, USA and Bermuda to southern Brazil.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 14.7 range ? - 24.5 cm
Max length : 44.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 116036); Idade máx. registada: 11 anos (Ref. 36271)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 9; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 14 - 16; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 9. Body and fins red; many small blue spots edged with black line scattered on body; dorsal edge of caudal peduncle with 2 prominent black spots; a pair of black blotches on tip of lower jaw (Ref. 13608); depth of body 2.6-2.9 in SL; head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; flat interorbital area; rounded preopercle, with shallow notch above the angle with upper edge finely serrate and moderately enlarged, lower edge fleshy; subopercle and interopercle smooth; posterior and anterior nostrils small and subequal; scaly maxilla, reaching to or beyond vertical at rear edge of eye; caudal fin convex posteriorly, corners angular; ctenoid lateral-body scales (Ref. 089707).

Adults prefer coral reefs and clear water. In the Gulf of Mexico, they are found in clear deep reefs (at least 45 m). At Bermuda and the West Indies, they are common in shallow water, but they usually hide in caves or under ledges during the day. The species is protogynous with females maturing at 16 cm TL and transforming to males at about 20 cm. Males are territorial. Feed mainly on small fishes and crustaceans. May follow morays and snake eels to feed on flushed preys. Wary, but approachable (Ref. 9710).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Mature females transform to males at a length of about 20 cm. Spawning occurs just before sunset over several days, and a male will spawn daily with each of the several females in his harem. Fecundity estimates range from about 150,000 to 282,000 eggs per female; with eggs 0.95 mm in diameter and having a single oil globule.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 March 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)

Utilização humana

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquário: Espécies comerciais

FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Trophic ecology
Itens alimentares
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predadores

Ecology
Ecologia
Home ranges

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequência de comprimento
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reprodução
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvas
Dinâmica larvar

Distribution
Países
Áreas FAO
Ecossistemas
Ocorrências
Introduções
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
Cérebros
Outras referências

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Tipo de natação
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sons de peixes
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genética
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
Colaboradores

Taxonomy
Nomes comuns
Sinónimos
Morfologia
Morfometria
Fotografias

References
Referências

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

Consultar manutenção em aquários | Consultar ficha de espécies | Consultar fichas de aquacultura

Descarregue XML

Página de resumo | Dado pontual | Nomes comuns | Fotografias

Fontes da internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.4 - 28, mean 27 (based on 474 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00951 - 0.01452), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (tmax=11; K=0.14-0.63; Fec=67,000-280,000).

Prior r = 0.62, 95% CL = 0.41 - 0.93, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (58 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Cephalopholis fulva (Linnaeus, 1758)