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Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Atlantic halibut
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Hippoglossus hippoglossus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)
Hippoglossus hippoglossus
Picture by Dolgov, A.


Faeroe Islands country information

Common names: Flundra, Geiraspjað, Geiraspjørr
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/fo.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Muus, B. and P. Dahlström, 1978
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705).   Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 77°W - 55°E

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Northwestern Atlantic: southwestern Greenland and Labrador in Canada to Virginia in USA (Ref. 7251); Northeastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Iceland and eastern Greenland.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: Lm 122.0, range 135 - ? cm
Max length : 470 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7251); 300.0 cm TL (female); max. veröff. Gewicht: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); max. veröff. Alter: 50 Jahre (Ref. 173)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 98 - 110; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 73 - 85. Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705).

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Partner

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

  Gefährdung zunehmend (NT) ; Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless




Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquakultur: experimental; Sportfisch: ja; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; Fischereien: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
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Räuber
Ecology
Ökologie
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 7.9, mean 3.4 (based on 1760 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00398 - 0.00759), b=3.17 (3.08 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  sehr niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert mehr als 14 Jahre. (tmax=30; tm=10; K=0.02-0.2; Fec=1,300,000; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766):   Very high.