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Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pike-perch
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Sander lucioperca
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Estonia country information

Common names: Koha, Pike-perch
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Anonymous, 1999
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Common in the Gulf of Riga and Gulf of Finland (Ref. 52079). Commercially taken from Lake Peipus and the Võrtsjärv (Ref. 33247). Also Ref. 683.
National Checklist: Estonian checklist - Fish
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/en.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Anonymous, 1999
National Database: Estonian Vertebrates

Common names from other countries

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) > Percidae (Perches) > Luciopercinae
Etymology:   More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

; süßwasser; brackwasser pelagisch; potamodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 2 - 30 m (Ref. 30578), usually 2 - 3 m (Ref. 27368).   Temperate; 6°C - 22°C (Ref. 2059); 67°N - 36°N, 1°W - 75°E

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Europe and Asia: Caspian, Baltic, Black and Aral Sea basins; Elbe (North Sea basin) and Maritza (Aegean basin) drainages. North to about 65° N in Finland. Introduced widely (Ref. 59043). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction (Ref. 1739).

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: Lm 37.2, range 28 - 46 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 59043); common length : 50.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 556); max. veröff. Gewicht: 20.0 kg (Ref. 40476); max. veröff. Alter: 17 Jahre (Ref. 59043)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 13 - 20; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 18 - 24; Afterflossenstacheln: 2 - 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 10 - 14; Wirbelzahl: 45 - 47. Distinguished from congeners in Europe by the following combination of characters: 1-2 enlarged canine teeth in anterior part of each jaw; second dorsal fin with 18-22½ branched rays; and 80-97 scales on lateral line (Ref. 59043).

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Adults inhabit large, turbid rivers and eutrophic lakes, brackish coastal lakes and estuaries. Feed mainly on gregarious, pelagic fishes. They attain first sexual maturity at 3-10 years of age, usually at 4. Undertake short spawning migrations. Individuals foraging in brackish water move to freshwater habitats. Migrations up to 250 km have been recorded. Homing is well developed, even nearby populations may be relatively isolated. Spawn in pairs at dawn or night. Spawning occurs in April-May, exceptional from late February until July, depending on latitude and altitude when temperatures reach 10-14° C on spawning grounds (Ref. 59043). Popularly fished by sport fishers. Its flesh is succulent (Ref. 30578). Utilized fresh or frozen and eaten steamed, broiled and microwaved (Ref. 9988). An individual weighing 19 kg was reportedly caught in 1959 in Starnberger, Bavaria, Germany (Peter Admicka, pers. Comm. E-mail: peter.adamicka@oeaw.ac.at).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

The spawning places are over gravel in moving water (Ref. 205). "Males are territorial and excavate shallow depressions about 50 cm in diameter and 5-10 cm deep in sand or gravel, or among exposed plant roots on which eggs are deposited, usually in turbid water and at 1-3 m depth. Spawn in pairs, at dawn or night. The female remains over the nest while the male circles rapidly around, at about 1 meter from the nest. Then male takes a vertical orientation and both swim around swiftly, and eggs and sperm are released, The female leaves the nest after all eggs are released. The male defends the nest and fans the eggs with his pectorals. Females spawn once a year, laying all the eggs at one time (Ref. 88075). Feeding larvae are positively phototactic and feed on pelagic organisms after they leave the nest for open water" (Ref. 59043).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Potential pest (Ref. 57271)




Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquakultur: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production, Artbeschreibung; Fischereien: production, Artbeschreibung; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
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Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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Räuber
Ecology
Ökologie
Home ranges
Life cycle
Fortpflanzung
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Visual pigment(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00495 - 0.00701), b=3.12 (3.07 - 3.17), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.78 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.10-0.24; tmax=16; Fecundity=10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.