Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全头亚纲 (银鲛科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Chimaera: Named for the mythological creature composed of parts of multiple animals, referring to their odd mix of characteristics. (See ETYFish); monstrosa: Latin for strange or grotesque, referring to its strange appearance, as if composed of parts of multiple animals. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 40 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 4443). 深水域; 75°N - 27°N, 32°W - 35°E
Eastern Atlantic: northern Norway and Iceland, Skagerrak and Kattegat south to Morocco including western Mediterranean (some isolated records from eastern part), Azores and Madeira Islands. Records from South Africa are questionable. Reported from Oshima, Japan (FMNH 89161) (Ref. 27954).
東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島，史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ，亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ，日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 45.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35388); 最大体重: 2.5 kg (Ref. 4645)
Bathydemersal to benthopelagic generally between 300 and 500 m depth. Found in the upper continental slope. Usually found in deeper waters in southern latitudes, while making a summer inshore migration up to 40-100 m in the northern areas. Sluggish, usually occurring in small groups. Feeds mainly on bottom-living invertebrates. The single dorsal spine is sharp and pointed, and although only mildly venomous can inflict a painful wound. Oviparous. Males have a clasper on the forehead that is probably used to hold on to the female during copulation. Egg capsules are about 17 cm long; young look alike adults and hatch when 10 cm long. Common by-catch when trawling for shrimps in the North Sea or Skaggerak.
对大洋底栖性鱼种的深海底栖性通常在 300 与 500 公尺深之间。 发现于大陆坡上层了。 南方的纬度的通常发现于较深的水域,在区域北部中当进行夏天近岸回游向上到 40-100 公尺。 缓动性的, 通常出现在小群鱼群。 主要吃底栖无脊椎动物。 单一背棘是锐利而尖的, 而且虽然只有温和的有毒能施放令人痛苦的创伤。 卵生的。 雄姓在前额有一个鳍脚可能，那是用来在连结的时候抱住母鱼。 卵鞘是大约 17 公分长; 幼鱼形似成鱼而且孵化当 10 公分长的。 经常被误捕当拖网对于虾在北海或 Skaggerak 中。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous; egg-capsules slender, club-shaped with narrow lateral membranes and a horny filament at the long pointed end, 17 cm long and 3 cm wide; deposited mainly in spring and summer. The embryos developing in about 9-12 months and hatch at 10 cm length. 東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島，史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ，亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ，日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
Krefft, G., 1990. Chimaeridae. p. 111-113. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4443)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 3.7 - 14.1, mean 7.9 (based on 179 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00135 (0.00073 - 0.00248), b=3.05 (2.88 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec <100;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
