China country information

Common names: Black carp, 乌鰡, 烏鰡
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Berg, L.S., 1964
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Recorded from Erqishi and Tarim rivers (Ref. 41093) and Tungting (=Dongting) Lake where it is known as "ch'ing-yü" (Ref. 35840). Known from the Guangxi, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Hunan provinces (Ref. 33783). A popular cultured fish, introduced from its native range to other regions in the country (intensive culture and extensively stocked in all kinds of inland waters) (Ref. 45864, 55380). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields.(Ref. 119549). Also Ref. 31845, 35840.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Hwang, H.C., P.C. Yueh and S.F. Yu, 1982
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Carpe noire, Carpa negra, شبّوط أسود, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Mylopharyngodon: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, pharynx = throat + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; pH range: 7.5 - 8.5; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 5 - 30 m (Ref. 6898). Subtropical; 0°C - 40°C (Ref. 55930); 53°N - 15°N, 100°E - 140°E (Ref. 55930)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Asia: Amur river basin to southern China (Ref. 55930). Reported from Vietnam (Ref. 44416). Persists only in Europe by stocking or accidental releases; native stocks in Russia have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). Several countries reported adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 91.5, range 100 - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 40637); common length : 12.2 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 35840); publicerad maxvikt: 35.0 kg (Ref. 56557); rapporterad maxålder: 13 år (Ref. 55930)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 7 - 9; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8 - 10. Anatomy of the pharyngeal apparatus is the main distinguishing characteristic; throat teeth typically form a single row of 4-5 large molariform teeth on each of the two arches, with formula typically 1,4 - 4,1.

Adults inhabit large lowland rivers and lakes, preferably with clear water and high oxygen concentrations. Larvae feed on zooplankton, then on ostracods and aquatic insects. At about 120 mm SL, juveniles start to prey on small snails and clams while larger juveniles and adults feed almost entirely on molluscs. Undertake upriver migration and spawns in open waters. Deposit pelagic or semipelagic eggs which hatch while drifting downstream. Larvae settle into floodplain lakes and channels with little or no current (Ref. 59043). Maximum age probably exceeds 15 years; the figure of 20 years is not supported by data (Ref. 55930).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Prewspawning adults migrate upstream in spring - early summer; spawning takes place in turbulent waters; eggs are pelagic and drift downstream and larvae enter nursery areas such as flood plains or backwater habitats; main river channel is used as feeding and wintering area by subadults and adults.

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Nico, L.G., J.D. Williams and H.L. Jelks, 2005. Black carp: biological synopsis and risk assessment of an introduced fish. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 337 p. (Ref. 55930)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 April 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Potential pest (Ref. 74657)

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; Vattenbruk: kommersiell

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produktion; fiskeri: produktion; publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00777 - 0.01070), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.44 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.08-0.09; tm=3-9; tmax >13; Fec=1,000,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson, 1846)