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Tetrapturus pfluegeri Robins, de & Sylva, 1963

Longbill spearfish
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Brazil country information

Common names: Agulhão estilete, Agulhão-estilete, Agulhão-marli
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Uncommon in southeastern Brazil (Ref. 36453).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nakamura, I., 1985
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Istiophoridae (Billfishes)
Etymology: Tetrapturus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, pteron, fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Robins, de & Sylva.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 4770).   Subtropical; 44°N - 33°S, 98°W - 17°E (Ref. 43)

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri

Atlantic Ocean: widely distributed in offshore waters, much more densely so in the western than in the eastern Atlantic. Highly migratory species.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 254 cm FL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 40637); common length : 165 cm OT mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 43); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 58.0 kg (Ref. 40637)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 50 - 57; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 18 - 21; Wervels: 24. Blue-black above, silvery white splattered with brown on the sides, silvery white below; dorsal fins dark blue; pectorals blackish brown, occasionally with tinges of greyish white; pelvic fins blue-black with a black fin membrane; 1st anal fin dark blue with silvery white at base; 2nd anal fin blackish brown.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Oceanic species, chiefly found in offshore waters, usually above the thermocline. Feed mainly on pelagic fishes and squids (Ref. 4770). Females probably spawn once a year (Ref. 4770). Marketed frozen.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Maturation seems to occur at the same time rather than in the same season both in the northern and southern hemisphere, which could be suggestive of homogeneity of the population of this species. Females probably spawn once a year (Ref. 4770).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 September 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless




Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja
FAO(visserij: productie; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Meer informatie

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
Ecologie
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Length-weight rel.
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 14.1 - 23.7, mean 18.2 (based on 140 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5630   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00193 - 0.01034), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Low.