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Merluccius australis (Hutton, 1872)

Southern hake
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Merluccius australis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Merluccius australis (Southern hake)
Merluccius australis
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Argentina country information

Common names: Maltona, Merluza austral, Merluza del sur
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Patagonian region (between 100-500 m), on the continental slope between 38°S and 49°S and on the shelf between 49°S and 55°S (Ref. 27363). Also Ref. 8984, 58452.
National Checklist: Argentina
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names প্রচলিত নাম সমূহ | প্রতিনাম সমূহ | Catalog of Fishes(গণ , প্রজাতি ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).

Issue
Reported as M. polylepis in Patagonian waters.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range বাস্তুসংস্থান

সামুদ্রিক সমুদতলে ভাসমান বেনথোপেলাজিক; মহাসাগরে বিচরনক্ষম (Ref. 51243); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 28 - 1000 m (Ref. 58489).   Subtropical; 33°S - 59°S, 165°E - 66°W (Ref. 58452)

বিতরণ দেশ সমূহ | এফ এ ও এলাকাসমূহ | বাস্তুতন্ত্র | দৃষ্টিগোচর | Point map | প্রচলন | Faunafri

Circumglobal in the southern hemisphere (Ref. 7300). Two distinct groups. New Zealand population: Chatham Rise, Campbell Plateau and South Island northward to the East Cape. Patagonian population: Chiloé Island in the Pacific, southward around the southern tip of South America to the continental shelf to 59°S, and the slope north to 38°S in the Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age

Maturity: Lm 74.7, range 75 - 85 cm
Max length : 155 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 58452); common length : 80.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 1371); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 30 বৎসর (Ref. 9072)

Short description সনাক্তকারী নির্দেশক | বহিঃ অঙ্গ সংস্থান | মরফোমেট্রিক্স

পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 1; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 48 - 57; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 40 - 46; কশেরুকা : 53 - 58. Body more slender than other hakes. Pectoral fins long and slender, stripe reaching anal fin in young individuals but not in fish over 50 cm in SL. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Color is steel gray on back grading to silvery white ventrally.

জীববিজ্ঞান     শব্দকোষ (উদাহরণ স্বরূপ epibenthic)

Found at depths between 415 and 1000 m in New Zealand waters, and 62 to 800 m in South American waters. The Patagonian population feeds on southern blue whiting, whiptail, nototheniids and squids. The New Zealand population feeds mainly on fishes (especially gadoids), squids, euphausiids and benthic organisms. Adults probably migrate southward during the southern summer for feeding and return to the north in winter for spawning (Ref. 1371). Spawning takes place from August to September on the western coast of South Island, from September to November in the northern part of the Campbell Plateau, and between November and January on Chatham Rise (Ref. 58452). Utilized as food fish and fishmeal.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট

Main reference Upload your references | সূত্র সংখ্যা | সমম্বয়কারী | সহযোগী

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)


CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

মৎস্য: অত্যন্ত বাণিজ্যিক

আরো তথ্য

Trophic ecology
খাদ্যসামগ্রী
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
শিকারী প্রাণী সমূহ
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
প্রজনন
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
শুককীট
শুককীটের সত্রিুয়তা
Anatomy
Gill areas
মস্তিস্ক সমূহ
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
-এর সাতাঁরের ধরণ
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
মৎস্য শব্দ
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
বংশানুগতিবিদ্যা
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
একুয়াকালচার নকশাসমূহ
বংশ
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

হাতিয়ার

Special reports

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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 6.2 - 13.3, mean 8.6 (based on 112 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00334 - 0.00475), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.74 se; based on food items.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref. 120179):  নিম্ন/ , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ৪.৪-১৪ বৎসর (K=0.07-0.19; tm=6-10; tmax=30).
Prior r = 0.24, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.35, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.