Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 60 - 150 m (Ref. 27569). Subtropical; 23°S -
Southwest Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to Golfo Nuevo, Argentina (Ref. 27569). Reported from the Mediterranean through introductions probably by ballast waters (Ref. 43448).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 15.2, range 14 - 20.5 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 27569); common length : 24.3 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. )
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 26 - 27; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 25.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Rosa, I.L. and R.S. Rosa, 1997. Systematic revision of the South American species of Pinguipedidae (Teleostei, Trachinoidei). Revta Bras. Zool. 14(4):845-865. (Ref. 27569)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 4.4 - 10.1, mean 7.9 (based on 91 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00468 - 0.01175), b=3.12 (2.99 - 3.25), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).