Philippines country information

Common names: Alama, Baka, Balawis
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Bacon, Sorsogon (Ref. 58652); Nasugbu, Batangas (Ref. 107853), Bolinao, Pangasinan (Ref. 87989), Lanuza Bay (Ref. 104756), Davao Gulf and Sarangani Bay (Ref. 106380). Museum: USNM 195379; AMS I.22412 (Ref. 1419). Also Ref. 48613, 53416, 121724.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Rau, N. and A. Rau, 1980
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Foxface rabbitfish, Picot renard, Hifuki-aigo, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
Etymology: Siganus: Latin, siganus = a fish, rabbit fish; by the similarity of the nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Schlegel & Müller.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien rifbewoner; diepte 0 - 30 m (Ref. 128797), usually 1 - 30 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 26°N - 25°S, 95°E - 173°W

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Western Pacific: western Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, Great Barrier Reef, Vanuatu (sighting), New Caledonia, Caroline Islands, Marshall Islands, Nauru (sighting) and Kiribati (sighting). Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797).

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 48637); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9813)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 13; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 10; Anale stekels: 7; Anale zachte stralen: 9; Wervels: 13. A dark chocolate ocular band running in an arc from base of 1st dorsal spine to chin; a narrow white blaze on midline of head profile; thorax dark chocolate; a broad white zone behind ocular bar on trunk; remainder of body yellow-orange. Stout, pungent, venomous spines. Caudal fin only slightly incised. Fully scaled midline of thorax. Preopercular angle 119° (111°-120°). Variable cheek scaling; usually overlapping scales, 8-10 rows deep below center of orbit; occasionally, few scattered scales; area fully scaled from lower edge of orbit 2 angle of mouth. S. vulpinus is very closely related to and possibly the same as S. unimaculatus, which has a large black blotch on the sides beneath the soft dorsal rays (Ref. 37816).

Sometimes territorial, occurs in coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs. Often among staghorn corals (Ref. 90102). Usually occurs singly or in pairs, but juveniles and subadults occasionally occur in large schools among Acropora where they feed on algae growing on the dead bases of the coral branches. Capable of inflicting painful stings (Ref. 4690, 48637).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : Woodland, David J. | Medewerkers

Woodland, D.J., 1990. Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Venomous (Ref. 4690)

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Commercieel

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29, mean 27.6 (based on 720 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00650 - 0.03213), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 2.7 ±0.30 se; based on food items.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): High.

Siganus vulpinus (Schlegel & Müller, 1845)