Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal. Subtropical; 33°N - 18°S, 119°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: San Clemente in southern California, USA to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands; rare north of Baja California, Mexico.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 163 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); common length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9326); max. published weight: 51.7 kg (Ref. 4699)
Inhabits shallow inshore areas, frequents sandy shores along beaches. Juveniles occurs in tide pools. Exploited on a local level and marketed fresh (Ref. 9324).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
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