>
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagellus: Diminutive of Latin, pager, derived from Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق ? - 500 m (Ref. 4781), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 35388). Subtropical; 58°N - 12°N, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea: Bay of Biscay to Senegal, Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde; rare in the British Isles but recorded occasionally off Denmark. Azores (Ref. 44330).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 15.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 4781); common length : 25.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 4781)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل): 12 - 13; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل): 10-12; خارهاي باله مخرجي 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 9 - 10. Body tall without stripes but with a black spot at the pectoral fin base (Ref. 35388).
Adults inhabit various types of bottoms, especially seagrass beds and sand down to 500 m depth, but more common between 40 and 100 m. The young are found nearer to the shore. Omnivorous, but prefer worms, mollusks and small crustaceans (Ref. 3688). Important food fish.
Most individuals are first males, then become females at a size of about 24 to 30 cm (Ref. 2715) or 17 to 29 cm TL; 2 to 7 years (eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea) (Ref. 4781). Also Ref. 28504.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
اطلاعات بيشتر
مراجعآبزي پرورينمايه آبزي پرورينژادهاژنتيكElectrophoresesوارثبيماري هافرآوریNutrientsMass conversion
همكارانعکس هاStamps, Coins Misc.صداهاسيگواتراسرعتنوع شناگریمنطقه آبششيOtolithsمغزهابینایی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12 - 18.4, mean 14.8 °C (based on 156 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00949 - 0.01266), b=3.06 (3.03 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.7 (2.6 - 5.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.17-0.23; tm=2-3; tmax=7; Fec=85,000).
Prior r = 0.63, 95% CL = 0.41 - 0.97, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 119 [60, 236] mg/100g; Iron = 0.555 [0.324, 0.940] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.45 [0.29, 0.67] g/100g; Selenium = 81.7 [36.5, 172.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.2 [3.2, 61.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.485 [0.358, 0.728] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.