Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 3 - 20 m (Ref. 41464). Tropical; 30°N - 15°S
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Samoa, north to the Ryukyus, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 47.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 57749)
وصف مختصر
الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
فقرات: 105 - 113. Body depth 36-51 times the total length (TL) . Head length 10-15 times TL. Dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal, clearly behind the anus. Distances from snout to dorsal origin, from snout to anal origin and from snout to anus are 75%, 69% and 67% of TL, respectively. Small pectoral fins. 63 pores along the lateral line from head to anus. Adults all brown on the back and lighter on the belly; juveniles have an orange-yellow back and a bluish belly. Specimens in the rivers can reach 47 cm TL (Ref. 57749).
Occurs in estuaries and lower parts of the rivers at juvenile and immature adult stages in slow-running waters on sandy bottoms. Mature females stay on shallow marine bottoms; males are pelagic. Reproduction occurs offshore. Leptocephali migrate to the littoral to follow up with their growth. Feeds on fish and invertebrates, especially crustaceans (Ref. 57749).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Castle, P.H.J., 1986. Moringuidae. p. 187-188. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5501)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مزيد من المعلومات
الأسماء الشائعةمرادفاتالأيضمفتريساتعلم السميات البيئيةالتكاثرالنضجوضع البيضتجمعات وضع البيضالخصوبةبيضتطور البيضة
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
المتعاونينصورStamps, Coins Misc.اصواتالتسمم باكل السمكسرعةنوع السباحةمنطقة الخياشيمعظمة الأذندماغرؤية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.1 - 29.3, mean 28.7 °C (based on 1829 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5003 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 46.4 [25.3, 78.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.519 [0.303, 0.892] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.3, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.105 [0.046, 0.276] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [16.5, 63.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 76.2 [20.3, 251.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.63 [1.13, 2.24] mg/100g (wet weight);
