分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays)
鰩目 (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
鰩科 (Skates)
Etymology: Rajella: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335); fyllae: Named after Douglas F. Markle who collected and provided the specimens (Ref. 31389).
More on author: Lütken.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 147 - 2055 m (Ref. 106604), usually 300 - 800 m (Ref. 3167). 深水域; 1°C - 7°C (Ref. 117245); 84°N - 40°N, 75°W - 55°E (Ref. 114953)
North Atlantic and adjacent fringes of the Arctic Region: offshore of Gulf of Maine and slopes off Newfoundland banks and Labrador to southern Baffin Bay, around southern Greenland to Denmark Strait, south of Iceland, and along Faroe-Shetland ridge to the Skagerrak; west of British Isles from Porcupine Bank and Rockall Plateau to Faroe Islands; and off Norwegian coasts to western Barents Sea and Svalbard.
東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島 [=冷岸] 到挪威南部，格陵蘭南部，冰島，法羅群島到雪特蘭群島, 不列顛群島與比斯開灣的西海岸。 西北大西洋: 格陵蘭到加拿大的新斯科舍省。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Snout is short and obtuse. Midbelt of its disc and upper surface of its tail are rough with large thorns in irregular rows. Upper surface ash gray to chocolate brown. Lower surface white, grayish white, pale gray or light fawn color, sooty patches on pelvic fins and axils of pectoral fins (Ref. 6902).
吻是短與圓頭的。 它的體盤與它的尾部的上表皮的腰帶中央是在不規則的列中粗糙的有大的刺。 上表皮灰色到褐色。 下表面白色的﹐白灰色﹐和灰白色或淡色的, 在腹鰭與胸鰭的枝腋上有黑色的區塊.(參考文獻 6902)
Found in deeper shelf and slope waters, in 3-5.5°C water temperature (6902). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals with preference for invertebrates (Ref. 3167) like copepods, amphipods and mysids (Ref. 6902). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 3.8-4.2 cm long and 2.4-2.6 cm wide (Ref. 41303, 41251, 41301). It is captured at low level by-catch in bottom-trawl and longline fisheries (Ref. 117245).
在 3-5.5 °C 水溫中,發現於較深的大陸棚及大陸斜坡水域.。 (6902) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58426) 捕食各種的底部動物偏愛無脊椎動物 (參考文獻 3167) 例如橈足類，片腳類動物與糠蝦.(參考文獻 6902) 卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 3.8-4.2 公分長與 2.4-2.6 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41303,41251,41301)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島 [=冷岸] 到挪威南部，格陵蘭南部，冰島，法羅群島到雪特蘭群島, 不列顛群島與比斯開灣的西海岸。 西北大西洋: 格陵蘭到加拿大的新斯科舍省。
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.7 - 9.5, mean 3.6 °C (based on 707 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 5.49 [0.80, 107.06] mg/100g; Iron = 0.328 [0.031, 4.452] mg/100g; Protein = 15.1 [13.0, 17.1] %; Omega3 = 0.494 [0.195, 1.253] g/100g; Selenium = 17.8 [3.1, 85.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.75 [0.34, 63.37] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.305 [0.021, 3.468] mg/100g (wet weight);
