分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Orthopristis: Greek, ortho = straight + Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - ? m (Ref. 25). 溫帶; 41°N - 10°N, 99°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to Mexico.
西大西洋: 美國的紐約州與百慕達群島到墨西哥。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 25); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3798); 最大體重: 900.00 g (Ref. 25); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 25)
背棘 (總數): 12 - 13; 背的軟條 (總數): 15-16; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 13. Back elevated; snout long and tapering. Mouth a little oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from first nostril. Scales in oblique rows above lateral line and horizontal rows below lateral line, extending on base of caudal, pelvic and pectoral fins; also forming a low sheath on base of anal and dorsal fins.
背面升高的; 吻長而尖端細的。 嘴小斜角; 上頜骨達到垂直的從第一個鼻孔。 鱗片形成斜的列在側線上面而水平的列在側線下, 在基底上延伸尾部的, 腹鰭與胸鰭; 也形成一個在臀鰭基底與背鰭上的低的鞘。
Inhabits coastal waters, over sand and mud bottoms. Forms schools. Mainly nocturnal and non-burrowing. Feeds on crustaceans and smaller fishes. Undergoes seasonal migration as well as local nocturnal-diurnal foraging migrations (Ref. 25).
棲息於沿岸水域，砂與泥底部的上面。 形成魚群。 主要夜行而非掘洞穴。 吃甲殼動物與較小的魚。 歷經季節性的遷移以及地方日夜的覓食迴游.(參考文獻 25)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawning may occur in open water just prior to inshore migration or in quiet inshore waters, such as harbors, estuaries, and inshore banks, but may begin on outer shores first. Pigfish spawn at dusk exclusively. In general, larger fish spawn first, with smaller ones spawning latest in the season.西大西洋: 美國的紐約州與百慕達群島到墨西哥。
Darcy, G.H., 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the pigfish, Orthopristis chrysoptera (Pisces: Haemulidae). FAO Fish. Synop. (134); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (449). (Ref. 25)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.8, mean 24.4 °C (based on 232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01127 - 0.02805), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.1 [10.0, 72.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.332 [0.169, 0.681] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.6, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.446 [0.203, 0.892] g/100g; Selenium = 11.1 [5.4, 23.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.22 [2.89, 28.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.579 [0.380, 0.871] mg/100g (wet weight);
