分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Chondrostei >
Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes)
鱘形目 (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) >
Acipenseridae (Sturgeons)
鱘科 (Sturgeons) > Acipenserinae
Etymology: Acipenser: Latin, acipenser = sturgeon, 1853 (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 20; 河川洄游 (Ref. 57765); 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 57765), usually 1 - 8 m (Ref. 57765). 溫帶; 1°C - 19°C (Ref. 57765); 74°N - 46°N, 64°E - 162°E
Asia: Siberia, rivers Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei, Lena, Kolyma, Khatanga, Pyasina, Anabar, Olenyok, Yana and Lake Baikal (Ref. 57765). Non-migratory populations exist in all river systems (Ref. 57765).
前蘇聯與亞洲: 西伯利亞，鄂畢河，艾迪殊河，葉尼塞河，莉娜，科力馬河。 一些非迴游性族群在艾迪殊河河流域中存在。 不夠已知的而且人工地繁殖。 在 Indigirka 河中的瀕臨絕種的動物。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用 附錄 2, 自從 1.4.1998 以後)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 95.5, range 65 - 167 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40476); 最大體重: 210.0 kg (Ref. 59043); 最大年齡: 63 年 (Ref. 57765)
Extended snouts; four barbels in front of the mouth (Ref. 4639). The back is light grey to dark brown colored. The belly color varies from white to clear yellow. Five row s of scutes: 10-19D, 32-59L, 7-16V. Small star-like scutes between the main ones. Clearly slit inferior lip (Ref. 40476).
擴大的吻; 在嘴巴之前的四個觸鬚.(參考文獻 4639) 背部淡灰色到深褐色。 腹面顏色改變從白色到鮮黃色。 鱗甲的五列 s: 10-19D ， 32-59L,7-16V. 在主要的一些之間的小星狀的鱗甲。 清楚地裂縫下方的唇.(參考文獻 40476)
Found in deep and shallow parts of rivers, with moderate to swift current usually at depths of 1 to 8 m (Ref. 57765). Adults live essentially in freshwater although some fish frequently occur in estuaries. Males are sexually mature between 9 and 29 years; females between 9 and 34 years (Ref. 57765). Spawn in main river channel over stone-gravel or gravel-sand bottom and with strong current (Ref. 59043).
雖然一些魚時常出現在河口，成魚實質上在淡水中生活。 雄性在 9-15 年之間性成熟; 在 16-20 年之間的雌性.(參考文獻 11941) 報告在淡水的 Shakujii 孵卵所中達到 153 的長度 TL(大約 30,000 g) 。 (參考文獻 9978)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Potamodromous species (Ref. 57765). In a natural environment, males reach sexual maturity at 9-1 5 years of age and females at 16-20 years (in water recirculation systems, sexual maturity can first occur at 5 years). Spawning happens in the summer and generally every two years. Membranes on eggs become increasingly more sticky after fertilization and this allows them to stick to the substratum. This can become a problem in nurseries, but it is solved by washing the eggs in clay or diatomaceous earth suspensions. Caviar (not fecundated ovocites ) can be over 1 0% of the corporal weight of a mature female. Incubation
lasts about 1 6 days (at 10-1 5°). Larval development lasts about 20 days (at 18°). Egg size 3.0-3.6 mm, larval length at hatching 10-12 mm.前蘇聯與亞洲: 西伯利亞，鄂畢河，艾迪殊河，葉尼塞河，莉娜，科力馬河。 一些非迴游性族群在艾迪殊河河流域中存在。 不夠已知的而且人工地繁殖。 在 Indigirka 河中的瀕臨絕種的動物。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用 附錄 2, 自從 1.4.1998 以後)
Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.), 1996. 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
極危 (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 14 September 2019
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 養殖: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00269 (0.00156 - 0.00465), b=3.26 (3.12 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (tm=7-34; tmax=63; Fec=16,500-420,000; K=0.03).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.6 [9.1, 26.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.253 [0.156, 0.402] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [14.8, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.381 [0.218, 0.653] g/100g; Selenium = 25.6 [13.5, 47.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.04 [2.17, 16.19] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.514 [0.371, 0.719] mg/100g (wet weight);
