Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; marien; brakwater rifbewoner; diepteverspreiding 1 - 20 m (Ref. 36453). Tropical; 30°N - 44°S, 98°W - 26°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina.
Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.1 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 80009); common length : 17.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 5217); Maximaal gepubliceerd gewicht: 29.50 g (Ref. 118626)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 52-58; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 39 - 44
Occurs mainly in brackish or hyper-saline lagoons (Ref. 5217), on sandy-muddy bottoms of estuaries and in the littoral zone where it hides itself leaving just its eyes out. Can easily disguise itself in the environment. Feeds on worms, crustaceans and small fishes. Juveniles have a brief planktonic life, moving quickly to the benthic stage. Its growth rate is relatively slow (Ref. 35237).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geslachtsrijpheid | Voortplanting | Kuitschieten | Eieren | Fecundity | Larven
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 125652)
Gevaarlijk voor mensen
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Aquarium: Commercieel
Meer informatie
Populaire namenSynoniemenMetabolismePredatorsEcotoxicologieVoortplantingGeslachtsrijpheidKuitschietenSpawning aggregationFecundityEierenOntwikkeling van de eieren
ReferentiesAquacultuurAquacultuurprofielKweeklijnenGeneticaAlleelfrequentiesErfelijkheidZiektenVerwerkingNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internet-bronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 22.5 - 28.1, mean 27.2 °C (based on 937 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01014 - 0.01492), b=3.13 (3.08 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): (0 of 100) .
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66.8 [29.3, 138.2] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.683 [0.369, 1.436] mg/100g ; Protein = 17.4 [15.9, 19.1] % ; Omega3 = 0.189 [0.075, 0.431] g/100g ; Selenium = 29.3 [12.1, 77.9] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 75.5 [14.8, 311.2] μg/100g ; Zinc = 1.38 [0.84, 2.24] mg/100g (wet weight);
