分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Pomadasys: Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum + Greek, dasys = with hair (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 15 - 115 m (Ref. 12260). 熱帶; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 40°N - 27°S, 32°E - 170°E
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to the Philippines (but without record from the Persian Gulf), north to southern Japan (Ref. 559), and south to northern Australia. Also reported from New Caledonia (Ref. 11889). Recently recorded from Oman (Ref. 11441) and Kuwait (Ref. 80050).
印度-西太平洋: 紅海到菲律賓 (但是沒有記錄從波斯灣), 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559), 而且南至澳洲北部。 也記錄自新加勒多尼亞。 (參考文獻 11889)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 48635); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數): 12; 背的軟條 (總數): 13-14; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7. Body ovate; head profile almost straight. Mouth small; lips not thickened; two pores and a central groove under the chin. No antrorse spine before the dorsal fin origin; notch between the spinous and soft-rayed portion of the dorsal fin shallow. Color is generally silver-mauve to fawn above, white below. Small specimens with numerous spots aligned horizontally or fused into horizontal lines; large specimens plain or with scattered charcoal scale spots on back and upper sides; the snout is dark brown; the upper operculum charcoal or purplish.
身體卵形的; 幾乎筆直地的頭部輪廓。 嘴小的; 唇沒有變厚; 在下巴下面的二個孔與一個中央的凹槽。 在背鰭起源之前的沒有向前及向上的棘; 在背鰭淺灘的硬棘與軟條部分之間的凹槽。 色彩是通常銀色-淡紫色的對黃褐色上方, 腹面白色的。 小的標本有很多的斑點水平地排列或者融合成水平線; 大的標本單色的或有分散的深灰色鱗片斑點背面與上側面; 吻部深褐色的; 上面的鰓蓋深灰色或帶紫色的。
Found in coastal waters (Ref. 30573, 48635). Enters freshwaters (4867). Marketed fresh, may be salted (Ref. 5284).
發現於沿岸水域了。 (參考文獻 30573,48635) 進入淡水。 (4867) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了, 可能是鹽醃的.(參考文獻 5284)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 紅海到菲律賓 (但是沒有記錄從波斯灣), 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559), 而且南至澳洲北部。 也記錄自新加勒多尼亞。 (參考文獻 11889)
McKay, R.J., 1984. Haemulidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 2. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3412)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28.5, mean 27.4 °C (based on 853 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01117 - 0.01706), b=2.98 (2.94 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.2-0.5; tmax=19).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (81 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 96.2 [20.9, 182.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.981 [0.516, 1.813] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.0, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.238 [0.127, 0.403] g/100g; Selenium = 65.1 [37.7, 117.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [6.4, 26.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.11 [0.80, 1.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
