Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 15 - 274 m (Ref. 2850), usually 60 - 149 m (Ref. 52190). Subtropical; 39°N - 22°N, 124°W - 110°W
Eastern Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 24.5, range 23 - 34 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2850); peso máx. Publicado: 1.0 kg (Ref. 40637); Idade máx. registada: 32 anos (Ref. 39277)
Descrição breve
Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total): 13 - 14; Raios dorsais moles (total): 12-14; Espinhos anais 3; Raios anais moles: 5 - 7; Vértebras: 25 - 26. Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
Adults usually found on deep reefs (Ref. 2850). Viviparous, with planktonic larvae and pelagic juveniles (Ref. 36715). Occasionally captured by sport fishers (Ref. 2850). Minimum depth range from Ref. 96339.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Mais informação
ReferênciasAquaculturaPerfil para aquaculturaEstirpesGenéticaElectrophoresesHereditariedadeDoençasProcessamentoNutrientsMass conversion
ColaboradoresFotografiasStamps, Coins Misc.SonsCiguateraVelocidadeTipo de nataçãoÁrea branquialOutras referênciasCérebrosVisão
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.7 - 17.2, mean 12.1 °C (based on 15 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00499 - 0.02004), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tm=7; tmax=32).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.2 [5.3, 47.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.356 [0.139, 0.862] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.426 [0.167, 1.112] g/100g; Selenium = 47.9 [16.0, 145.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 98 [30, 319] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.555 [0.269, 1.066] mg/100g (wet weight);