分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macruronidae (Blue grenadiers)
Etymology: Macruronus: Greek, makros = great + Greek, onos = hake.
More on author: Lönnberg.
Issue
This species is synonym of Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jan. 2012: Ref. 89336). Waiting for more confirmation. Please send references or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 30 - 500 m (Ref. 1371). 亞熱帶的; 34°S - 60°S, 79°W - 52°W (Ref. 1371)
Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic: off southern Chile and Argentina.
東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 外海的智利南部與阿根廷。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 54 - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7063); common length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大體重: 5.0 kg (Ref. 1371); 最大年齡: 19 年 (Ref. 122851)
背棘 (總數): 1; 背的軟條 (總數): 100-113; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 83 - 90. Dorsal part of body purplish blue, belly silvery with a slight bluish tinge; small melanophores scattered on fin membrane of dorsal and anal fins; inside of mouth blackish (Ref. 1371).
身體帶紫色的藍色的背面, 腹面銀色的有一種輕微的藍色淡色; 小的黑色素細胞散佈在背鰭與臀鰭的鰭薄膜上; 在嘴之內黑色的.(參考文獻 1371)
Schooling species which are concentrated on the outer part of the continental shelf (Ref. 1371). Feeds mainly on fish (herring, anchovies, lantern fishes), also on mysids, cephalopods, euphausiids and amphipods (Ref. 1371). Migrates southward in spring and summer and northward in winter (Ref. 1371). Utilized fresh, frozen and for fishmeal (Ref. 1371).
群游性種那是專注於大陸棚的外部部份。 (參考文獻 1371) 主要吃魚 (鯡魚，鯷魚, 燈籠魚), 也在糠蝦，頭足類動物，磷蝦與片腳類動物上.(參考文獻 1371) 在春天與夏天迴游南方與向北的冬天時.(參考文獻 1371) 生鮮使用，冷凍與用於魚粉.(參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 外海的智利南部與阿根廷。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
更多資訊
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.5 - 9.7, mean 6.5 °C (based on 311 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00228 - 0.00729), b=2.97 (2.80 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09-0.1).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.48, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.8 [16.1, 79.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.788 [0.361, 1.658] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.2, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.189 [0.091, 0.377] g/100g; Selenium = 60.1 [27.6, 133.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [3.5, 43.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.502 [0.326, 0.773] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
