分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ginsburg.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 30915). 亚热带的; 29°N - 25°S, 133°W - 40°W (Ref. 57010)
Western Atlantic: USA (North Carolina) to Brazil; the Caribbean Sea.
西大西洋: 在美国，百慕达群岛 (参考文献 9710) 与巴哈马到巴西里约热内卢的北卡罗莱那州。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.5 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30915)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 16-19.
描述: (以 39件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 9.5-17.5 公分。 环: 11+35.(31-39) 吻的长度: 2.2(2.0-2.5) 分之一头长。 背鳍鳍条: 17(16-19)个覆盖 2+1个环。 胸鳍鳍条: 16.(15-17) 冠: 低中等的, 圆的, 可能是相当大而旋绕的 (相似的
纸的被弄皱的块). 棘: 没有对低的圆形小瘤。 其他的显着特性: 宽又几乎两倍的颊与眼棘; 长的, 厚的吻; 狭窄的身体; 通常没有皮肤附肢。
彩色斑纹: 时常很多地有褐色，有很多的极小白色的点斑点;(尤其在尾部上) 可能有横过背外侧的表面的灰白 '鞍状斑' 。
Uncommon in most areas, but may be locally common in certain places. Usually attached to gorgonians or seagrasses but may occur in floating Sargassum or swimming freely in midwater (Ref. 9710). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35409). Length type refers to Height (= from top of coronet to the tip of straightened tail). Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 128812.
罕见在大多数的区域中, 但是可能是地方性常见于特定的地方。 通常依附于柳珊瑚，否则海草但是可能在中层水域中自由地出现在漂浮 马尾藻 或游泳.(参考文献 9710) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205) 曾经后面在繁殖场.(参考文献 35409) 长度类型参考依据为高度。 (= 从弄直的尾部的冠到顶端的顶端)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Breeding season more than 8 months in laboratory; egg diameter 1.2 mm; gestation period 2 weeks, depending on water temperature; young approximately 7 mm at birth; pair-bonded in wild (Ref. 30915). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and genetic (Ref. 52884).西大西洋: 在美国，百慕达群岛 (参考文献 9710) 与巴哈马到巴西里约热内卢的北卡罗莱那州。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
临近濒危 (NT) (A2d+4d); Date assessed: 04 October 2016
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 164 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 1.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming annual Fec<1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 70.1 [33.4, 185.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.894 [0.451, 1.624] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.7, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.203 [0.104, 0.388] g/100g; Selenium = 18.4 [7.4, 43.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.5 [9.6, 134.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.29 [0.78, 2.04] mg/100g (wet weight);
