分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Centrarchiformes (Basses) >
Kyphosidae (Sea chubs)
Etymology: Kyphosus: Greek, kyphos = bent (Ref. 45335); sectatrix: Named for its distributional range, restricted to Atlantic Ocean..
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
Regarded as nomina dubia by Sakai & Nakabo, 2014 (Ref. 95333). See explanation of the correct name choice to Kyphosus sectatrix (Linnaeus, 1758) versus saltatrix in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Oct. 2012: Ref. 92135).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 30 m (Ref. 9626), usually 1 - 10 m (Ref. 40849). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 29°S, 98°W - 16°E
Circumglobal.
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島向南至巴西 (參考文獻 7251), 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海;(參考文獻 9626) 安地列斯群島, 與中央的與南美洲海岸.(參考文獻 26938) 東大西洋: 摩洛哥到幾內亞灣的南方;(參考文獻 7373) 聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，阿森松島與聖赫勒拿島。 很少發現於地中海與外海的馬得拉群島了。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5288); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大体重: 6.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 11; 背的软条 (总数): 11-12; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 11. Gray overall, with faint yellow lines on side and yellow line from corner of mouth to preopercle (Ref. 26938). Upper part pf opercular membrane blackish. The young may display pale spots nearly as large as eye on the head, body and fins (Ref. 13442). Each jaw with a regular row of close-set, strong, incisor-like, round-tipped teeth of a peculiar hockey stick-shape, their bases set horizontally, resembling a radially striated bony plate inside mouth (Ref 52729).
灰色整体的, 在侧边与从嘴角到前鳃盖骨的黄在线有模糊的黄线.(参考文献 26938) 上半部 pf 鳃盖薄膜黑色的。 幼鱼可能显示灰白的斑点在头部，身体与鳍上几乎与眼一样大.(参考文献 13442) 每个颌具有固定的一列靠拢在一起, 强的﹐像门牙一样的, 圆-顶端特殊曲棍球杆的齿-形状, 他们的基底组水平地, 与在嘴 (参考文献 52729) 里的一个放射状有条纹多骨的碟相似.
Inhabits shallow waters, over turtle grass, sand or rocky bottom and around coral reefs (Ref. 3725). Young commonly found among floating Sargassum seaweeds (Ref. 3725). Feeds on plants, mainly on benthic algae, as well as on small crabs and mollusks (Ref. 6547, 44187). Also feeds on spinner dolphins’ feces and vomits at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, southeast Atlantic. The offal feeding may be regarded as a simple behavioral shift from plankton feeding to drifting offal picking (Ref. 48727). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3725).
栖息于浅水域, 遍及泰来海藻, 沙子或岩石的底部与珊瑚礁的周围.(参考文献 3725) 幼鱼通常发现于漂浮的马尾藻丛中了。 (参考文献 3725) 吃植物, 主要吃水底的藻类 , 以及小的螃蟹与软件动物.(参考文献 6547) 在 Fernando de Noronha 列岛，东南大西洋也吃飞旋海豚的残渣与吐出物。 碎肉进食可能是从浮游生物进食到漂流碎肉采集视为单一的行为变化。 (参考文献 48727) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 3725)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 101771).西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島向南至巴西 (參考文獻 7251), 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海;(參考文獻 9626) 安地列斯群島, 與中央的與南美洲海岸.(參考文獻 26938) 東大西洋: 摩洛哥到幾內亞灣的南方;(參考文獻 7373) 聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，阿森松島與聖赫勒拿島。 很少發現於地中海與外海的馬得拉群島了。
Knudsen, S.W. and K.D. Clements, 2013. Revision of the fish family Kyphosidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Zootaxa 3751(1):001-101. (Ref. 95491)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.1 - 28, mean 27 °C (based on 1240 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00624 - 0.03346), b=3.01 (2.81 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.6 [9.4, 39.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.545 [0.304, 0.913] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [18.1, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.081, 0.262] g/100g; Selenium = 17.6 [8.3, 38.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.2 [7.6, 106.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.968 [0.639, 1.461] mg/100g (wet weight);
