分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
麗魚科 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hilgendorf.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性. 熱帶; 2°S - 3°S
Africa: known only from the catchment of Lake Natron, Tanzania and Kenya (Ref. 2, 5166, 118638).
非洲: 坦尚尼亞與肯亞 (湖天然碳酸鈉; 在湖 Nakuru 中引入).
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.6 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 32272)
背棘 (总数): 9 - 13; 背的软条 (总数): 11-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 11; 脊椎骨: 27 - 30. Diagnosis: A small elongated species with a terminal mouth (Ref. 118638). Mature males have dark-edged dorsal and anal fins, iridescent blue-white spots on flanks, white lower lips, and a spotted caudal fin with a pink edge; they appear to be colour polymorphic, with some males having yellow bellies and throats, while others are blue white: both morphs can be found in the same location and the colours are stable in aquarium-held specimens, suggesting it is a true polymorphism and not related to reproductive state (Ref. 118638). Females and non-territorial males are sandy-coloured, pale ventrally, sometimes with faint vertical bars (Ref. 118638).
成熟的雌性有一个整体的金色; 雄性有侧面一蓝灰色与下面唇的侧面部份肿大而色彩艳丽的。 在鳞片上的完整的颜色蓝色的斑点中变成彩虹色。 生殖乳突在成熟的雄鱼中是锥形，突出的与黄色的, 比较不突出, 但是肿大的在成熟的母鱼中。 在颊 3-4 上的鳞片列. 眶前骨只有 4个孔与没有鳞片。 (参考文献 4967)
Occurs at a temperature range of 30-32°C (Ref. 2). It feeds actively in the early morning; mainly on algae as well as copepods and dipterous larvae (Ref. 2). A maternal mouthbrooder: males excavate pits in the substrate in shallow water (Ref. 2, 118638). The species is occasionally caught as a food fish in its natural range; although it attains a small size, its tolerance of hostile environments may make it suitable for culture in high salinity environments; potential as an aquarium fish (Ref. 118638). Classed as endangered, due to its restricted distribution (Ref. 118638).
生存在一个 30-32 °C 的温差。 (参考文献 2) 活跃地在清晨中为食; 主要吃藻类以及桡脚类的动物与双翅目昆虫幼生.(参考文献 2)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Early in the morning before taking possession of their pits, the males feed on slimy algal growths-noisily; sexual activity is greater after noon than before; young male may build a small pit around that of a larger male and mate there with a small female (Ref. 2). Males prepare and guard nests, while females migrate from one nest to another; males guard the nest against juveniles of their own species and other species which feed on the fertilized eggs which fall from the mouth of the female mouth brooder (Ref. 11288). Also Ref. 118638.非洲: 坦尚尼亞與肯亞 (湖天然碳酸鈉; 在湖 Nakuru 中引入).
Seegers, L. and H. Tichy, 1999. The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
濒危 (EN) (B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)); Date assessed: 31 January 2006
人类利用
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00827 - 0.04391), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.21 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
