分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Tetragonuridae (Squaretails)
Etymology: Tetragonurus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, gonia = angle + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); cuvieri: Named after G.C.L.D. Cuvier 1769-1832, a founder of modern ichthyology (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 800 m (Ref. 10823). 深水域
Eastern Pacific: Aleutian Islands, Alaska to Baja California, Mexico; Chile (Ref. 9068). Western Pacific: Japan (Ref. 559), New Zealand and Australia (Ref. 6885). Western Indian Ocean: Natal, South Africa (Ref. 4415). Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean (Ref. 4415).
東太平洋: 阿留申群島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞; 智利.(參考文獻 9068) 西太平洋: 日本 (參考文獻 559) ，紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 6885) 西印度洋: 南非的納塔爾.(參考文獻 4415) 大西洋, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 4415)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4415)
背棘 (总数): 15 - 21; 背的软条 (总数): 12-15; 臀棘 1; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 13; 脊椎骨: 52. Pectorals and pelvic fins small (Ref. 6885). Dark brown, paler at base of tail and on head, otherwise almost uniform throughout (Ref. 6885).
胸鳍与腹鳍小的.(参考文献 6885) 深褐色的, 较灰白的在尾部的基底与在头部上, 不一样地几乎均匀始终.(参考文献 6885)
Oceanic, usually near surface; possibly near bottom. Perhaps occurs in schools. Young usually among jellyfishes or inside large salps. Feeds on jellyfishes and salps (Ref. 2850), also other soft-bodied coelenterates, ctenophores, as well as plankton. There are conflicting reports that the flesh of this species is poisonous (Ref. 11149).
大洋性的, 通常近表面的; 可能地在底部的附近。 也许出现于鱼群中。 幼鱼通常在水母之中或在大的被囊动物里。 吃水母与被囊动物 (参考文献 2850), 也其他的身体柔软的腔肠动物，栉水母, 以及浮游生物。 有争执报告「这种的肉是有毒的」。 (参考文献 11149)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 阿留申群島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞; 智利.(參考文獻 9068) 西太平洋: 日本 (參考文獻 559) ，紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 6885) 西印度洋: 南非的納塔爾.(參考文獻 4415) 大西洋, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 4415)
Haedrich, R.L., 1986. Tetragonuridae. p. 851. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4415)
人类利用
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.6 - 17.9, mean 10.1 °C (based on 809 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.1 [8.1, 49.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.298 [0.130, 0.826] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.044, 0.280] g/100g; Selenium = 17.9 [6.2, 47.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33 [4, 264] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.487 [0.266, 0.950] mg/100g (wet weight);
