分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Naucratinae
Etymology: Seriola: Latin word diminutive with the meaning of a large earthenware pot (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 385 m (Ref. 11441), usually 18 - 72 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 49°N - 36°S, 98°W - 128°E
Circumglobal. Tropical and warm temperate seas. Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, Persian Gulf, southern Japan and the Hawaiian Islands, south to New Caledonia; Mariana and Caroline islands in Micronesia. Western Atlantic: Bermuda (Ref. 26938), Nova Scotia, Canada to Brazil; also from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626). Eastern Atlantic: British coast (vagrant) to Morocco and the Mediterranean. Distribution in eastern central Atlantic along the African coast is not well established due to past confusion with Seriola carpenteri (Ref. 7097).
Circumglobal。 印度-西太平洋: 南非，波斯灣, 日本南部與夏威夷群島, 南至新加勒多尼亞; 在密克羅尼西亞的馬里亞納群島與加羅林群島。 西大西洋: 百慕達群島 (參考文獻 26938), 加拿大的新斯科舍省到巴西; 也從墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 9626) 東大西洋: 英國海岸 (流浪漢) 到摩洛哥與地中海。 在中大西洋東部的分布沿著非洲海岸很好地不被建立由於過去與 Seriola carpenteri 混淆.(參考文獻 7097)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 90.8, range 80 - 127 cm
Max length : 190 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3197); 最大體重: 80.6 kg (Ref. 3287); 最大年齡: 15 年 (Ref. 113943)
背棘 (總數): 8; 背的軟條 (總數): 29-35; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 18 - 22. Bluish grey or olivaceous above, silvery white below; amber stripe along midside of body; fins dusky (Ref. 3197). Second dorsal and anal fins with low anterior lobe (Ref. 26938). Species of Seriola lack scutes (Ref. 37816).
藍灰色或橄欖色的上方, 下面銀白色的; 琥珀色的斑紋沿著體側中央; 鰭暗色的.(參考文獻 3197) 用低的前面葉第二背鰭與臀鰭.(參考文獻 26938) Seriola 的種缺乏鱗甲。 (參考文獻 37816)
Adults found in deep seaward reefs; occasionally entering coastal bays. They feed primarily on fishes such as the bigeye scad, also on invertebrates (Ref. 4233). Small juveniles associate with floating plants or debris in oceanic and offshore waters. Juveniles form small schools or solitary (Ref. 5213). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Reported to cause ciguatera in some areas (Ref. 26938).
棲息於深的臨海礁石; 偶然地進入近岸海灣。 主要吃魚例如大目瓜仔魚, 也吃無脊椎動物.(參考文獻 4233) 小的稚魚與漂浮的植物或殘礫聚集在一起在大洋性的與離岸水域。 稚魚形成小群魚群或獨居性。 (參考文獻 5213) 生鮮使用與冷凍; 吃油鍋炸的, 火烤的與燒烤。 (參考文獻 9987) 報告在一些地區引起雪卡魚毒。 (參考文獻 26938)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawning happens during the summer, in areas near the coast. Embryo development lasts about 40 hours at 23° and larval development 31-36 days. Egg size 1.9 mm, larval at hatching 2.9 mm.Circumglobal。 印度-西太平洋: 南非，波斯灣, 日本南部與夏威夷群島, 南至新加勒多尼亞; 在密克羅尼西亞的馬里亞納群島與加羅林群島。 西大西洋: 百慕達群島 (參考文獻 26938), 加拿大的新斯科舍省到巴西; 也從墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 9626) 東大西洋: 英國海岸 (流浪漢) 到摩洛哥與地中海。 在中大西洋東部的分布沿著非洲海岸很好地不被建立由於過去與 Seriola carpenteri 混淆.(參考文獻 7097)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2013
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.9 - 29, mean 27.1 °C (based on 3486 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01235 - 0.02130), b=2.92 (2.84 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.5 (3.9 - 5.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18; tm=4; tmax=15).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 4 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15 [7, 27] mg/100g; Iron = 0.641 [0.347, 1.180] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [16.9, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.238 [0.141, 0.418] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [16.4, 60.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 62.5 [8.3, 430.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.351 [0.235, 0.528] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
