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Nelson, J.S., 1994

Osteoglossiformes bony tongues

Teleostei

Elopiformes 150 M years

Guo-Qing, L. and M. Wilson, 1996  |  Helfman, G., B. Collette and D. Facey, 1997

late Jurassic

海洋

淡水

半鹹淡水

Intestine passes posteriorly to left of esophagus and stomach; parasphenoid and tounge bones usually with well-developed teeth and forming a shearing bite (mesopterygoid and usually the ectopterygoid also toothed); premaxilla small and fixed to the skull; no supramaxilla; caudal fin skeleton, except in Hiodon, with large first ural centrum and no urodermals, one or more epurals fused with uroneurals; caudal fin with 16 or fewer branched rays; nasal capsule rigid, no antorbital-supraorbital system for pumping water over olfactory epithelium; epipleural intermuscular bones absent; one or two pyloric caeca, one caecum in Hiodon and Pantodon and two in other osteoglossiforms.

Greek aktis = ray, thunderbolt, beam + Greek pterygion, diminutive of pteryx = wing, fin. Ref. 45335.

Greek, osteon = bone + Greek, glossa = tongue + Latin, forma = shape (Ref. 45335).

( n = 5 ) -
Arapaimidae Gymnarchidae Mormyridae Notopteridae Osteoglossidae Pantodontidae

Ref.
[ e.g. 9948]                       

Glossary
                    [ e.g. cephalopods]