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Larvae Information Summary for
Dorosoma cepedianum
| Main Ref: | Jones, P.W., F.D. Martin and J.D. Hardy Jr. 1978 | |||
Yolk-sac larvae
| max | min | mod | Ref. | |
| Length at birth (mm) | 3.25 | 4639 | ||
| Preanal L. % TL |
| Place of development | planktonic | |||
| Larval area | Mid-Atlantic Bight | |||
| Yolk-sac | ovoid pigmented | Ref: | ||
| Yolk | segmented | Oil globules | more than one oil globule | |
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Total myomeres about 32 at hatching, 40 at 5.5 mm. Four gill arches but no filaments at 6.5 mm. Body elongate at hatching; depth, including finfold, 0.2 mm; head flexed downward 90° over yolk. Head straight at 5.5 mm. Yolk mass initially oval and 0.8 mm in length, cylindrical by 2nd day, greatly reduced by 3rd (6.5 mm). Oral plate perforated at 1 day, but pharynx not open into mouth; cartilage of lower jaw forming at 6.5 mm; choroid fissure wide, closed in 1 day. Gut nearly straight at hatching; anus at margin of finfold at hatching, close to body in notch in finfold at 6.5 mm. Anlagen of pectorals present at 5.5 mm, small and paddle-like at 6.5 mm; finfold slightly constricted in caudal region at hatching. Pigmentation: Pigment lacking at birth and at 1 day; at 3 days (6.5 mm) a line of chromatophores on each side of body starting dorsad to yolk and extending to preanal finfold. | ||||
Post larvae
| Striking feature | none | |||
| Striking shape lateral | normal (not striking) | dorsal | compressed | |
| Striking feature | none | |||
| Shape of gut | elongated | |||
| Gas bladder early | late | |||
| Spinal armature early | no spines | late | no spines | |
| Pigmentation early | ||||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | tail partly covered with melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | tail partly covered with melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Pectorals | normal without melanophores | |||
| Pelvics | normal (i.e. small or absent) without melanophores | |||
| Body long and slender. Incipient gill filaments present at 10.8 mm; posterior development of opercle rapid during stage; nostril dividing at 17.5 mm. Internal folds of intestine developing at 10.8 mm; gut 1.5 to 2.0 times TL. Finfold reduced dorsally at 10.8 mm; only preanal present at 17.5 mm. Anal with incipient rays at 17.5 mm; caudal rounded and with 14 incipient rays at 10.8 mm, bifurcate at 17.5 mm; pectoral "paddle-like", more ventral by 10.8 mm, with primitive rays by 17.5 mm. Pigmentation: Additional chromatophores anterior to vent and along each side of dorsal wall of anterior third of gut: scattered over caudal fin and base, and along each side of anal. Sequence of fin development: dorsal, caudal, pectoral, pelvic and anal. | ||||
Meristic characters
| max | min | mod | Ref. | |
| Total number of vertebrae | 52 | 49 | 39045 |
| L 1st feeding | Ref. | Months of presence of larvae | ||||
| max | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | ||
| min | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | ||
| mod | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | ||
| Water parameters Metric characters |
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