Main Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | once in a lifetime |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Although most individuals die after spawning, some females apparently survive to age 3. It is not known whether or not these 3-year-olds spawned previously (Ref. 27547). |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |