المرجع الرئيسي | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
الوضع | dioecism |
التخصيب | external |
Mating type | |
تكرر التزاوج | one clear seasonal peak per year |
Spawning aggregation | مرجع |
دفع التفريخ | مرجع |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
وصف دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج | Adults migrate up rivers and even small streams, spawn in lakes and quiet stretches of rivers; landlocked populations also ascend affluent rivers and streams; the fry descend in summer and autumn or even as late as November or December. Spawning activity has been observed both diurnally and nocturnally, but with greatest activity at night (Ref. 38797). Spawning activity stops above 27.8°C (Ref. 38881). Freshwater populations mature earlier and at a smaller average size than saltwater populations (Ref. 4639). |
البحث عن المزيد من المراجع حول الأنتاج | Scirus |