Main Ref. | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | in mouth |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
Parental Care | maternal |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawns in shallow water with shelving bottom in ponds. Size of first spawning depends on population density (lower at higher densities). Mating pit is the size and shape of a saucer. Eggs probably fertilized before being taken into the mouth by the female, or are fertilized inside the mouth (Ref. 2). |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |