| อ้างอิงหลัก | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
| วิธีการ,แบบ | dioecism |
| การปฏิสนธิ | in mouth |
| Mating type | |
| ความถี่ของการวางไข่ | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | อ้างอิง |
| จำนวนของตัวที่วางไข่ | อ้างอิง |
| กลุ่มที่มีการสืบพันธุ์ |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| คำอธิบายของวงจรชีวิตและพฤติกรรมการผสมพันธุ์ | Spawning did not occur in ponds at a temperature below 21°C (Ref. 2). Rarely more than one brood in a season (Ref. 87, 246), but known to breed at least twice a year under pond conditions (Ref. 12524, 13337). Males excavate saucer-shaped nests (Ref. 246, 314, 6465, 12524, 13337, 54048) that can be up to 75cm in diameter and 30cm deep, using mouth and fins (Ref. 2, 314, 52307), in the center of their territory (Ref. 52307), on a sandy substrate (any vegetation is uprooted with its mouth) and in water from 1-3m deep, where they display to attract females (Ref. 12524, 13337, 54048). Up to 40 nests can be found together (Ref. 6465). Females are the primary care-givers (Ref. 52307), moutbrooding eggs, larvae and fry; multiple broods are raised during the warmer months (Ref. 7248, 52193). She lays her eggs in the concavity on top of the nest, the male fertilizes the eggs whereupon the female takes the eggs into her mouth where they are incubated; males guard the nest and females against all intruders; parental care is exercised for the first few weeks after the eggs hatch (Ref. 12524, 13337). |
| ค้นหาแหล่งอ้างอิงเพิ่มเติมด้วยการสืบพันธุ์ | Scirus |