Main Ref. | Bruce, R.W. and J.E. Randall, 1985 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawns in shallow water above grassflats on the falling tide. Investigation of sexual identity of large samples suggest the species is gonochoristic (sex-reversal do not occur), the first sparid species known to be so (Ref. 1875). Also Ref. 103751. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |