Tripterodon orbis Playfair, 1867
African spadefish
Tripterodon orbis
photo by Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Muscat

Family:  Ephippidae (Spadefishes, batfishes and scats)
Max. size:  75 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  reef-associated; marine; depth range 40 - 70 m
Distribution:  Indian Ocean: southern Africa to Algoa Bay, South Africa; to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, including India and Sri Lanka.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 9-9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 19-21; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 15-17. Silvery brown; with dark crossbands that disappear with growth (Ref. 5327).
Biology:  Inhabits coastal waters around reefs (Ref. 30573). Feeds on rock and coral-dwelling organisms (Ref. 5213). Flesh edible (Ref. 12484).
IUCN Red List Status: Not Evaluated (N.E.) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Reported frm the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Ref. 87596). The range extension of distribution from the south to the north region along the Bay of Bengal has previously been reported and the broadening in distribution could be attributed to the rising water temperatures along the east coast of India, which are increasing by 0.048C each decade (Vivekanandan et al., 2009). The sea surface temperature reported in the Bay of Bengal has shown a progressive increase since the 1950s, resulting in changes/shifts in fish communities of the area (Vivekanandan et al., 2009 in Ref. 123860).


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