Astyanax longirhinus Garavello & Sampaio, 2010

Family:  Characidae (Characins; tetras), subfamily: Stethaprioninae
Max. size:  18.6 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Middle and lower Iguaçu Basin in Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 11-11; Anal soft rays: 18-20. This species is distinguished from all its congeners from Rio Iguaçu by the following set of characters: third infraorbital narrow and deep, not in contact with preopercle, leaving an ample naked area between these bones; teeth of premaxillary series straight; symphysal teeth of premaxillary internal series and dentary teeth tricuspid; teeth on premaxillary external series often tricuspid, with lateral cusps minute when pentacuspid; rest of teeth in premaxillary internal series pentacuspid; maxillary bone long, forming an obtuse angle with premaxillary bone when mouth is closed; dentary large and provided with 4 large tricuspidate, followed by 3-5 tricuspid or pentacuspid teeth (Ref. 85756).
Biology: 
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 07 November 2018 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans: 
Country info:  Type locality, Rio Iguaçu downstream of Salto Santiago dam, between Laranjeiras do Sul and Chopinzinho, Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, MZUSP 105954 (holotype of Astyanax longirhinus, 15.69 cm SL). Known only from medium and lower Iguaçu Basin (Ref. 85756).


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