Ecology Summary - Eumicrotremus spinosus

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Main Ref.	Stein, D.L., 1986
Remarks	Demersal (Ref. 94970). Inhabits stony bottoms (Ref. 4701). Benthic. Feeds on amphipods, crustaceans, oikopleura and fishes (Ref. 4701, 58426). It is preyed upon by Atlantic cod and thick-billed murres (Ref. 5951). Common in the waters around Svalbard, but very little detailed knowledge exists regarding its life history, feeding and reproductive biology. A demersal and slow moving fish (Wiener-roither et al. 2011; pers. obs.), feeds on pelagic and hyperbenthic invertebrates such as krill and amphipods, but also polychaetes and larval stages of fish (Hutchings 2002; Roshchin 2006). Spawning has been reported to occur in August-September (Andriashev 1954; Wienerroither et al. 2011), although other reports indicate that it may be extended to January/February (Hutchings 2002). Furthermore, eggs have been observed attached to rocks (Wienerroither et al. 2011) (Ref.94970 )

Main Ref.

Stein, D.L., 1986

Remarks

Demersal (Ref. 94970). Inhabits stony bottoms (Ref. 4701). Benthic. Feeds on amphipods, crustaceans, oikopleura and fishes (Ref. 4701, 58426). It is preyed upon by Atlantic cod and thick-billed murres (Ref. 5951). Common in the waters around Svalbard, but very little detailed knowledge exists regarding its life history, feeding and reproductive biology. A demersal and slow moving fish (Wiener-roither et al. 2011; pers. obs.), feeds on pelagic and hyperbenthic invertebrates such as krill and amphipods, but also polychaetes and larval stages of fish (Hutchings 2002; Roshchin 2006). Spawning has been reported to occur in August-September (Andriashev 1954; Wienerroither et al. 2011), although other reports indicate that it may be extended to January/February (Hutchings 2002). Furthermore, eggs have been observed attached to rocks (Wienerroither et al. 2011) (Ref.94970 )

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Eumicrotremus spinosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: demersal; Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Stein, D.L., 1986
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Stein, D.L., 1986

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.24	0.40			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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