Ref. principal | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
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Notas | Inhabits coastal waters. Found in rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 9710). More abundant over muddy bottoms. Juveniles are encountered in seagrass beds (Ref. 9626). Often occurs in large schools, sometimes near the surface (Ref. 9626). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : mud; Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
Special habitats | Beds: rock; sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Cervigón, F., 1993 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | 4.18 | 0.33 | 4.29 | 0.64 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
Dos itens alimentares individuais | |||||
Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |