Ecology Summary - Euthynnus affinis

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Main Ref.	Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
Remarks	Like other scombrids, E. affinis tend to form multispecies schools by size especially with small T. albacares, K. pelamis, Auxis sp. and M. cordyla comprising from 100 to over 5,000 individuals. But during certain periods of the year, there is a tendency for the fish to remain scattered (Ref. 168). Kawakawa is piscivorous. Most important prey items of the immature smaller E. affinis were the larval anchovy and lanternfish while the matured fish Decapterus spp and Scomber australicus (Ref. 53677). A strong swimmer and a highly migratory species (Ref. 128523).

Main Ref.

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983

Remarks

Like other scombrids, E. affinis tend to form multispecies schools by size especially with small T. albacares, K. pelamis, Auxis sp. and M. cordyla comprising from 100 to over 5,000 individuals. But during certain periods of the year, there is a tendency for the fish to remain scattered (Ref. 168). Kawakawa is piscivorous. Most important prey items of the immature smaller E. affinis were the larval anchovy and lanternfish while the matured fish Decapterus spp and Scomber australicus (Ref. 53677). A strong swimmer and a highly migratory species (Ref. 128523).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Euthynnus affinis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	4.50				Troph of adults from 1 study.
From individual food items	4.47	0.80			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Chiou, W.-D., L.-Z. Cheng and K.-W. Chen, 2004

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