| Hoofdreferentie | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
|---|---|
| Opmerkingen | Inhabits clear inshore and offshore reefs (Ref. 9710) and adjacent grass beds, often in schools (Ref. 3798). Feeds on crustaceans (Ref. 3798). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Ondergrond | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Speciale habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978 |
| Ref. | Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978 |
|---|---|
| Associaties | schooling; |
| Geassocieerd met | |
| Opmerkingen in verband met associaties | |
| Parasitisme |
| Voedingstype | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978 |
| Voedingsgewoonte | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |
| Estimation method | Origineel staal | Onbeviste populatie | Opmerking | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Op basis van dieetsamenstelling | 2.17 | 0.14 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| Op basis van individuele voedselitems | 3.50 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||