Hoofdreferentie | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
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Opmerkingen | Reported to be a schooling species. Feeds on pelagic or benthopelagic invertebrates, with the incorporation and increasing importance of fish in its diet as it grows. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 117245). Found on the outermost continental shelves and upper slopes, mostly below 275 m (Refs. 247, 117245). At high latitudes, may move up to the surface especially during the winter (Ref. 247). Bottom water temperature are from 3.5 to 4.5°C (Also Ref. 117245), but sometimes down to 1°C. Feeds on crustaceans, cephalopods, jellyfish and small fishes. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Ondergrond | Benthic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2018 |
Speciale habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associaties | schooling; shoaling; |
Geassocieerd met | |
Opmerkingen in verband met associaties | Parasites of the species include Otodistomum cestoides (trematode) and Lernaeopoda centroscyllii (copepod) (Ref. 5951). Segregation by sex and size as well as by movement into shallower water and by increase in school size is sometimes seen (Ref. 205). Among the few shark species known to school (Ref. 94899). |
Parasitisme |
Voedingstype | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
Voedingsgewoonte | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |
Estimation method | Origineel staal | Onbeviste populatie | Opmerking | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Op basis van dieetsamenstelling | 3.84 | 0.27 | 3.86 | 0.60 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
Op basis van individuele voedselitems | 4.20 | 0.58 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno and P.D. Cowley, 1992 |