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Melichthys niger (Bloch, 1786)

Black triggerfish
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Melichthys niger
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United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Black durgon, Black triggerfish, Black triggerfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Ranges from San Diego, California southward (Ref. 9276). Found in the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (Ref. 45556) and occasionally in offshore reefs in Louisiana (Ref. 46995). Also Ref. 7251.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Baliste noir, Black oldwife, Niggerfish, ... more

分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Melichthys: Greek, melas, melaina, melan, black + icthys yos, fish. On the other hand, in Smith et al.,1986: 878), 'body dark brown to black' in https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/266635#page/902/mode/1up.(P. Romero, pers.comm. 03/2022)..
  More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

海 関連する礁; 深さの範囲 0 - 75 m (Ref. 9710), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 40849).   Tropical; 30°N - 29°S, 180°W - 180°E

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Circumglobal. Uncommon in most areas but abundant around isolated oceanic islands (Ref. 9710).

サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5217); common length : 30.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3272)

簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計) : 3; 背鰭 (合計) : 30 - 34; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 28 - 30. This species is distinguished by the following characters: a deep groove in front of eye; 20-25 head scale rows from corner of mouth to lower end of gill opening; 57-66 body scale rows from upper end of gill opening to caudal fin base; presence of prominent longitudinal ridges following scale rows of posterior body; slightly rounded to double emarginate caudal fin; a thin white bar neat posterior margin of the caudal fin; black spots on scales forming lines (Ref. 90102).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Inhabit clear seaward reefs. More common around oceanic islands (Ref. 9276). Found on inner and outer reef crests, usually near the slope or drop-off to deeper water, where in small but loose aggregations. Sometimes swim high above substrate feeding on zooplankton (Ref. 48637). May also be solitary (Ref. 90102). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Diet consists primarily of calcareous algae and zooplankton (Ref. 1602); also feed on phytoplankton (Ref. 5213). At Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, southeast Atlantic, groups of about 100 individuals join groups of spinner dolphins to feed on feces and vomits of the cetaceans when they congregate in a shallow bay for rest and social interactions. The postures a dolphin adopts prior to defecating or vomiting are recognized, and the fish begin to converge to the dolphin shortly before the actual voiding. Offal feeding may be regarded as a simple behavioral shift from plankton feeding to drifting offal picking (Ref. 48727). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9770). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生

Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター : Matsuura, Keiichi | 協力者

Matsuura, K., 2001. Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 June 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless




Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の; 水族館・水槽: 商業
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | 私達の周りの海

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.4 - 28.9, mean 27.4 (based on 1548 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  2.4   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.