You can sponsor this page

Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854

C-O sole
添加你自己的观测位置在 Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pleuronichthys coenosus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上传你的 图片 和 影像
Pictures | 谷歌图片
Image of Pleuronichthys coenosus (C-O sole)
Pleuronichthys coenosus
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.


United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: C-O sole, C-O sole, C-O turbot
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: In range Ref. 6885.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronichthyinae
Etymology: Pleuronichthys: Greek, pleura = side, ribe Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 18 - 350 m (Ref. 6885).   亞熱帶的

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Sitka, southeastern Alaska to Bahia San Quintin, northern Baja California, Mexico.
東太平洋: Sitka ,阿拉斯加州東南方到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ,墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 65 - 78; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 46 - 56; 脊椎骨: 36 - 38. Dorsal origin with first 5-6 rays on the blind side. Caudal deep and rounded. Pectorals moderately long, bluntly pointed.
背鳍起点在没有眼睛的一边上第一个具有 5-6 鳍条。 尾部的深而且圆形的。 胸鳍中等长度的, 顿尖的。

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found on flat bottoms and rocky areas (Ref. 2850). Young are common in shallow water during the summer but adults frequently in deeper water (Ref. 6885).

栖息于平坦底部与岩石区了。 (参考文献 2850) 幼鱼在夏天期间是常见于浅水区但是时常在深水中的成鱼.(参考文献 6885)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

東太平洋: Sitka ,阿拉斯加州東南方到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ,墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Amaoka, Kunio | 合作者

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 September 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Distribution
国家
FAO区域
生态系
标本纪录
简介
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水产养殖描述
品种
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
合作者
References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因组, 核苷酸) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia(转至, 搜寻) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 4.7 - 10.8, mean 7.1 (based on 123 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00676 - 0.04074), b=3.01 (2.80 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.39 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.