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Holacanthus tricolor (Bloch, 1795)

Rock beauty
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Holacanthus tricolor   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Holacanthus tricolor (Rock beauty)
Holacanthus tricolor
Picture by Minguell, C.


United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Angelfish, Rock beauty
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 13442, 26280, 26340.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
Etymology: Holacanthus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 3 - 92 m (Ref. 9710), usually 3 - 35 m (Ref. 40849).   Tropical; 37°N - 29°S, 100°W - 28°W (Ref. 55266)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Georgia (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Ref. 57756).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 15.8  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3797); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3797)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 14; Dorsal soft rays (total): 17 - 19; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 18 - 20. Front of body yellow; remaining parts of body, dorsal fin, and front of anal fin black. Caudal fin entirely yellow (Ref. 26938). Front margin of anal fin and edge of gill cover orange; bright blue on upper and lower part of iris. The young of about an inch in length are entirely yellow except for a blue-edged black spot on the upper side of the body posterior to the midpoint; with growth the black spot soon expands to become the large black area covering most of the body and dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 13442).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits rock jetties, rocky reefs and rich coral areas. Juveniles often associated with fire corals (Ref. 9710). Feeds on tunicates, sponges, zoantharians and algae. Marketed fresh (Ref. 3797).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Protogyny has been proposed for this species awaiting confirmation (Ref. 103751).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 October 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)




Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
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Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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BRUVS - Videos
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Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
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Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.4 (based on 220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03311 (0.01745 - 0.06285), b=2.89 (2.72 - 3.06), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   High.