United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Devil ray, Lesser devil ray, Manta
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs off the US coast, north of Florida only in the summer (Ref. 7251).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Mante diable, Manta del Golfo, Devil ray, ... more

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Пластиножаберные (акулы и скаты) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Mobulidae (Devilrays)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

морской; пределы глубины 0 - 100 m (Ref. 106604). Tropical; 41°N - 40°S, 80°W - 29°W

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA (Ref. 7251) to Santos, Brazil (Ref. 26340) and Argentina (Ref. 58839). Eastern Atlantic: St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121).

Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm WD самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 126011); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 115.9 kg (Ref. 126011)

Краткое описание определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия

Cephalic fins smaller, tail longer without spine (Ref. 7251). Upper surface black (Ref. 6902).

Occurs in shallow coastal waters (Ref. 12951). Feeds mainly on planktonic crustaceans but may take small schooling fishes (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Found singly, in small groups, and in schools (Ref. 12951). Swimming at high speed and often leap high above the surface (Ref. 6902). Feeds mainly on planktonic crustaceans, but also on small schooling fishes (Ref. 114953). Meat used for food and a source of oil (Ref. 6902).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Copulation has been observed to be in a venter to venter position while the pair swims at the surface. Mating reported to last 10 minutes. Litter number 1 (Ref. 12951).

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор | соавторы

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)

Под угрозой исчезновения (EN) (A2cd+3d); Date assessed: 08 November 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix I & II: Endangered migratory species conserved through agreements

Угроза для людей

Harmless

Использование человеком

рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

дополнительная информация

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.7 - 27.7, mean 23.2 (based on 232 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.59 se; based on food items.

устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179): очень низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции более 14 лет (Fec=1).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).

Категория цены (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831)