United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: California skate
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in Monterey Bay (Ref. 12091). Commercially important in California (Ref. 2850). Also Ref. 9261.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Common names from other countries

California ray, Raya de California, Raya de California, ... more

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Пластиножаберные (акулы и скаты) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Caliraja: The prefix name Cali- refers to the state of California, United States and Gulf of California, Baja California, Mexico, the regions where the types of all four recognized species were described..
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

морской демерсальный; пределы глубины 13 - 1600 m (Ref. 96339). Temperate; 49°N - 21°N, 127°W - 105°W (Ref. 114953)

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Juan de Fuca Strait in Canada and USA to central Baja California, Mexico.

Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 2850); common length : 45.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9261)

Common in inshore waters from approximately 15 m and in shallow bays, sometimes in deep water (Ref. 2850, Ref. 114953). Feeds on small benthic invertebrates, polychaete worms and shrimps (Ref. 114953). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 7.0-8.5 cm long and 6.5-7.6 cm wide (Ref. 41300). Males reaches maturity at ca. 47 cm TL, females at 52 cm TL; young hatch at ca. 15-23 cm TL (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор : McEachran, John | соавторы

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)

Не вызывающий беспокойства (LC) ; Date assessed: 27 September 2014

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

Harmless

Использование человеком

рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 5.3 - 14.2, mean 7.5 (based on 42 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179): низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции 4.5-14 лет (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).

Категория цены (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Caliraja inornata (Jordan & Gilbert, 1881)