Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien benthopelagisch; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte ? - 170 m (Ref. 4781). Subtropical; 44°N - 16°S, 17°W - 35°E (Ref. 54696)
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal to Angola, including the southwestern Mediterranean, Madeira, and the Canary Islands.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4781); common length : 30.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4781); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 3.0 kg (Ref. 4699)
Adults Inhabit hard bottoms (rock or rubble); the young occur near the coast. Feed mainly on mollusks including cephalopods, and also on crustaceans (Ref. 3688). Important food fish.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 14.3 - 27.5, mean 19 (based on 382 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.00906 - 0.02903), b=2.96 (2.81 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).