Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Etelinae
Etymology: Aphareus: Greek, aphareys, -eos = water wings under the belly of female tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 100 - 330 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶; 35°N - 35°S, 24°E - 150°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands, north to the Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands, south to Australia. Southeast Atlantic: Port Alfred, South Africa (Ref. 11228).
印度-太平洋: 東非到夏威夷群島, 北至琉球與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲。 東南大西洋: 南非的艾佛烈港.(參考文獻 11228)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5484); common length : 79.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 37816); 最大体重: 11.3 kg (Ref. 4887)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body elongate and laterally compressed; lower jaw protruding; premaxillae not protrusible, fixed by a frenum; teeth in jaws are extremely small, minute in large adults; roof of mouth toothless; maxilla without scales or longitudinal ridges; interorbital region flattened; gill openings extending far anterior to orbit; gill rakers on first gill arch 16 - 19 + 32-35 = 49-52; last soft ray of both dorsal and anal fins well produced, longer than next to last ray; caudal fin forked; D X,11 (occasionally 10); membranes of dorsal and anal fins without scales; tubed lateral-line scales 69-75. Colour of body blue-grey or mauve to overall reddish; margin of maxilla black; in some specimens, at least, inside of mouth, gill chamber, and gills shining silver; fins yellowish to reddish except pelvic and anal fins sometimes whitish (Ref. 9821).
颚骨延伸至眼睛中央下方; 眼间隔平的。 背鳍与臀鳍没有鳞片。 通常蓝灰色的或淡紫色到全体淡红的; 鳍淡黄色的到淡红的除腹鳍，而且臀鳍有时那是微白色的; 颚骨黑色的边缘。
Adults inhabit reefs and rocky bottom areas to depths of at least 100 m (Ref. 4887). Found in pelagic and benthopelagic waters (Ref. 58302). They feed on fishes, squids and crustaceans (Ref. 4887). Marketed fresh (Ref. 37816).
栖息于礁与岩石的底部区域到深度至少 100 公尺。 吃鱼，乌贼与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 4887) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 東非到夏威夷群島, 北至琉球與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲。 東南大西洋: 南非的艾佛烈港.(參考文獻 11228)
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 14.1 - 23.3, mean 18.4 (based on 229 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01242 - 0.01931), b=2.93 (2.87 - 2.99), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
