Philippines country information

Common names: Almang, Bakasi, Endong
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: occasional (usually not seen) | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Also Ref. 13724, 48613, 53416, 94476.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Murène voie lactée, Whitemouth moray, Guineafowl moray, ... more

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Shaw.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 51 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 38°N - 36°S, 18°E - 129°W

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 33390) to Marquesas and Mangaréva, north to the Ryukyu and Hawaiian islands, south to Lord Howe Island. Southeast Atlantic: South Africa.

Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 1602); common length : 80.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 30573)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 0; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 0; Σπόνδυλοι: 127 - 132. Mouth white inside, contrasting the outer dark skin with small white spots (Ref. 30404, 48635).

Occurs in coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs from depths of 1 m to at least 36 m. Prefers very shallow depth and juveniles often in intertidal zones (Ref. 30404). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Often seen hunting during low tide among partly exposed reefs (Ref. 48635). Feeds mainly on fishes, also on crustaceans, by day and probably also at night (Ref. 13550). Caught with various nets (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 86942.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 August 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)

Human uses

αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας; Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας

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Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Life cycle
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Human related
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Summary page | Σημειακά στοιχεία | Κοινά ονόματα | Photos

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.5 - 29, mean 28 (based on 1172 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00038 - 0.00091), b=3.32 (3.19 - 3.45), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.70 se; based on food items.

Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179): Πολύ χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού > 14 έτη (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gymnothorax meleagris (Shaw, 1795)